Understanding Skin Cancer: Risks, Prevention, and Treatment
Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States, with over 5 million cases diagnosed annually. It arises when abnormal cells in the skin grow uncontrollably, leading to potential harm to surrounding tissues. The primary types of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, with melanoma being the most serious form due to its ability to spread to other organs.
Risk Factors and Prevention
Sun exposure is a significant risk factor for skin cancer, particularly ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. People with fair skin, a history of sunburns, or a family history of skin cancer are at higher risk. Additionally, those with a high number of moles or atypical moles may be more susceptible.
To reduce the risk of skin cancer, it is crucial to practice sun safety. This includes using sunscreen with a high SPF, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak sun hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.). Regular skin examinations, both self-conducted and professional, can help detect any changes early. Look for new growths, sores that don’t heal, or changes in existing moles.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Skin cancer diagnosis often involves a skin biopsy, where a small sample of skin is removed and examined for cancer cells. If cancer is detected, treatment options vary depending on the Diagnosis and Treatment.